Author: Karolina Pawlik, Maciej F. Bukowski

Poland’s energy security has undergone a fundamental transformation in recent years, shifting from dependence on external suppliers to a system built on diversified infrastructure and greater national control. While this has reduced vulnerability to political coercion, it has also created a more complex system in which security depends increasingly on the resilience of infrastructure and the ability of institutions to respond under pressure.

The report “Poland energy security 2026 – a critical assessment” provides a focused analysis of Poland’s energy security architecture, examining the intersection of infrastructure, governance, and emerging threats. Rather than offering a theoretical model, it delivers a practical, evidence-based analysis of how the system operates in reality identifying coordination gaps, bottlenecks, and areas of systemic vulnerability.

Drawing on stakeholder consultations, policy analysis, and scenario-based thinking, the report aims to support more effective decision-making and strengthen resilience in the Baltic Sea context where energy and maritime security are increasingly interconnected.