On 9 January 2024, the Norwegian Parliament (Storting) approved the proposal of opening parts of the Norwegian sea to mineral activities, marking the beginning of the exploratory stage of deep sea mining (DSM) on the Norwegian continental shelf [1]. Eleven months later, however, the operations were abruptly stopped, as the Socialist Left Party of Norway (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) threatened the refusal of the government budget for 2025 [2]. This seemingly minor event triggered a larger, albeit not necessarily well-publicised conversation: what actually is deep sea mining, and why does it matter?
Autor: Agnieszka Grzegorzewska
Opublikowano: 11/09/2025
Remote and small island communities face unique energy and climate challenges stemming from their geographic isolation. Their reliance on imported fossil fuels leaves them vulnerable to price volatility and supply disruptions. Although their carbon footprint is minimal, these islands disproportionately experience the adverse effects of climate change. Increasingly, islands become testbeds for geopolitical rivalry and are compelled to adapt to situations when critical infrastructure is weaponised.
Autor: Karolina Pawlik
Opublikowano: 20/08/2025
On June 24–25, 2025, a meeting of the North Atlantic Council at the level of heads of state and government was held in The Hague. The NATO summit was largely overshadowed by the United States’ military operation in Iran, and its agenda was relatively narrow. Despite concerns, however, a compromise on military spending was achieved, and the cohesion of the Alliance was maintained.
Autor: dr. Tomasz Smura, Member of the Board, Director of Security and Defence Programme, Casimir Pulaski Foundation
Opublikowano: 01/07/2025
Nuclear energy has long been a pillar of Sweden’s energy mix, although its significance has been diminishing due to divergent policies towards nuclear energy. In recent years, the debates regarding nuclear energy have intensified as the Swedish government, led by the Tidöpartierna coalition, has undertaken a bold reversal of the earlier nuclear phase-out policy. This analysis synthesises the historical, political, scientific, and economic dimensions of Sweden’s evolving nuclear landscape while highlighting the diverse views of political parties and the broader implications for energy policy.
Autor: Karolina Pawlik & Mateusz Gibała
Opublikowano: 30/06/2025
The incident involving the Falcon 9 rocket, whose fragments fell on Polish territory in February 2025, has become a symbol of the new challenges associated with the exploration of low Earth orbit. Although no one was harmed, the event highlighted that the rapid development of satellite technologies brings not only benefits but also significant risks. In a world where outer space is becoming a battleground for global economic and technological competition, Poland too must take a stance and actively participate in shaping new rules for its governance.
Autor: dr Joanna Kulesza
Opublikowano: 26/05/2025
Autor: Karolina Pawlik
Opublikowano: 11/04/2025
France’s political gridlock following its government collapse threatens the eurozone's stability, with rising deficits, weakened bonds, and uncertainty over leadership amid constitutional constraints.
Autor: Tomasz Obremski
Opublikowano: 05/12/2024
The Russian army’s attacks have severely damaged Ukraine’s energy infrastructure, leaving its citizens barely able to survive due to energy cuts and severely limited resources like running water.
Autor: Margaret Czarnik
Opublikowano: 19/09/2024
Autor: Olga Jastrzębska
Opublikowano: 29/08/2024
Joe Biden has been doubling down on efforts to increase deterrence against China, including working hand in hand with US partners and allies. The USA has been progressing in all aspects of cooperation, from military drills to joint contingency planning.
Autor: Jakub Witczak
Opublikowano: 06/08/2024
The summit's communiqué emphasized the significant threats posed by Russia and China, underscoring NATO's focus on both Euro-Atlantic and Indo-Pacific security challenges in response to global geopolitical shifts.
Autor: Tomasz Smura
Opublikowano: 15/07/2024
The future of France’s political landscape remains uncertain. Macron's diminished mandate and rising extremism threaten stability. The coming years will be critical for both France and the EU.
Autor: Tomasz Obremski
Opublikowano: 11/07/2024
The European Council decided who will take the helm of key EU institutions and which Europe’s priorities are to be developed. What do they mean beyond words?
Autor: Bartlomiej E. Nowak
Opublikowano: 04/07/2024
NATO's 75th birthday celebration unfolds against the grim backdrop of Ukraine's ongoing suffering due to Russian shelling, with Kyiv facing a dwindling supply of defence weapons. This situation has prompted President Zelenskyy to issue his most dire warning yet: his country "will lose the war" if the US aid package is not approved.
Autor: Casimir Pulaski Foundation
Opublikowano: 11/04/2024
The existence of the US-Philippine alliance may be regarded as a hitherto effective deterrent against any Chinese attack with direct military force on the Philippines. However, further enhanced cooperation not only with the US but also with Japan is key to warding off Chinese coercion.
Autor: Jakub Witczak
Opublikowano: 10/04/2024
This third and final unsuccessful attempt to form Sofia’s government means Bulgarian citizens will head back to the polls for the sixth time in three years.
Autor: Casimir Pulaski Foundation
Opublikowano: 04/04/2024
Orwell was, of course, commenting on the USSR’s growing dictatorship in the 1940s. Orwell's commentary on the USSR's dictatorship in the 1940s remains relevant today in Russia, where Putin has crafted a similar narrative, with Ukraine as his “Snowball” scapegoat.
Autor: Casimir Pulaski Foundation
Opublikowano: 28/03/2024
It is also a message from the Polish government to the American lawmakers that on the matter of national security, there is no place for partisan interests, and different branches of state power should speak in unity despite their political differences.
Autor: Casimir Pulaski Foundation
Opublikowano: 21/03/2024
Macron’s drive for more European resolve and his creation of ambiguity in Europe’s willingness to militarily respond to Russia’s aggression come at a critical moment in the war.
Autor: FKP
Opublikowano: 12/03/2024
Although Russia’s leader was not present at the Visegrad Four talks, support for his agenda was voiced by two of the four leaders present.
Autor: FKP
Opublikowano: 05/03/2024
Space treaties are the primary sources of international space law but they exhibit a clear gap in addressing the military activities states currently carry out in the space domain.
Autor: Aleksandra Radomska
Opublikowano: 28/02/2024
China-Hungary Pact Expands Beijing’s EU Security Access Last week, China
Autor: Casimir Pulaski Foundation
Opublikowano: 27/02/2024
Although the fall of Avdiivka should not be perceived as a turning point in the war, the future looks grim for the Ukrainian Armed Forces if the West fails to deliver the aid it had pledged.
Autor: Casimir Pulaski Foundation
Opublikowano: 22/02/2024
As January 2024 was full of pessimism, February started with a glimpse of hope on the EU front.
Autor: Tomasz Obremski
Opublikowano: 07/02/2024
The governments of France, Germany and Poland should initiate and endow the International Weimar Fund, which would financially facilitate projects in trilateral and larger formats. It should foster a more common approach to the EU's major challenges.
Autor: Bartłomiej Nowak
Opublikowano: 31/01/2024
