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The US-China relationship appears to be becoming increasingly confrontational, with the Biden administration largely continuing the line adopted by Donald Trump.

The understanding of close links between foreign and energy policy was first reflected in the Russian Federation’s 2003 Energy Strategy.

NATO used to hold its heads of state and government meetings (summits) every few years. Now, due to the extraordinary challenging security situation (the ongoing war in Europe, the biggest since 1945) suach gatherings take place de facto every year.

The strategic significance of the South China Sea is primarily attributed to its geographical location, rendering it one of the world's busiest and most strategically important shipping routes.

In recent times, Saudi Arabia - a longstanding strategic partner of the United States - has embarked on a new course in its foreign policy. Riyadh has intensified cooperation with China and drawn closer to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Now, the House of Saud is signaling readiness to join the anti-Western BRICS bloc.

Since the outbreak of Russia’s large scale invasion against Ukraine Poland procured a significant number of military equipment, which should increase the firepower of the Polish Armed Forces. The Polish Armed Forces also have not forgotten about the development of cyberarmy, which was established in 2018 and should be fully operational by 2026. The question is whether Poland has the potential and will to be a significant power in cyberspace?

Europe's pursuit of greener energy through the expansion of renewable technologies has led to a growing dependence on raw materials and rare elements that are predominantly produced outside its borders, notably in China and other countries. This reliance on external sources introduces complexities and challenges to the region's energy transition.

One of the somewhat unexpected (but highly welcome), consequences of the barbaric war waged by Russia against Ukraine and Moscow’s open confrontation with the West, has been a commendable show of unity not just from NATO, but also the European Union (EU).

Turkish elections were not forged but it doesn’t mean that they were free and fair. High turnout could suggest that the main winner was democracy but this is not the case.

Despite mounting pressure, South Korea remains unwilling to provide military assistance to Ukraine. This stance is rooted not only in Seoul's longstanding policy of refraining from supplying arms to nations engaged in active conflict, but also in the highly sensitive security situation in the region.

We, the representatives of the Casimir Pulaski Foundation, the Antall József Knowledge Centre, EUROPEUM Institute for European Policy and  the Slovak Security Policy Institute; have the privilege of presenting to you a special report, wtitten by sixteen   senior defence experts and entitled “The V4 towards a new NATO Strategic Concept and the EU Strategic Compass”. The document is a summaryof  a broader project entitled: “Returning to the roots of the Visegrad cooperation – coordinating V4 strategy towards NATO Strategic Concept and European defence autonomy” that is supported by the International Visegrad Fund.

In any economic analysis of Nord Stream 2 the first question to be considered is the actual cost of the project. Over the last couple of years, a variety of publications have provided widely differing cost projections. The recent data suggest that Nord Stream 2 capital investment will reach €9,5-10 billion.

At the Warsaw Security Forum 2018 the Casimir Pulaski Foundation presented three new reports: „European offensive in defense sphere – EDF, PESCO and CARD”, „From Newport to Brussels – NATO adaptation to the Russian threat” and „Balance Sheet of U.S. Allies and Implication for Alliance Policy”. All reports are available on the Pulaski Foundations websites.

According to the National Security Strategy (NSS) of the Trump administration published in December 2017, today’s world is getting more competitive. The US and its allies are facing growing political, economic, and military competitions around the world. Two revisionist states, China and Russia, are challenging US prosperity and superiority as well as the liberal international order. The NSS also pointed out that strong relationships with allies are invaluable in order for the US to magnify its power and respond to the growing political, economic, and military competitions.

For almost two years the European Commission and a group of most influential Member States (such as France, Germany and Italy) have been pushing the development of new initiatives in area of defense. The presentation of the Global Strategy of the European Union’s Foreign and Security Policy in June 2016 marked a major milestone in this area.

On July 11 and 12 the North Atlantic Council meeting was held, on the Head of States and Governments level. It has been the third summit since illegal annexation of Crimea by Russia and its support of separatists in Eastern Ukraine, what caused a rise in tensions between NATO and Russia. That in turn has shown the need for implementing new defense and deterrence measures to reassure the countries located on the Alliance’s Eastern Flank.

How to succeed in providing national cybersecurity? This question tops policy agendas for many European governments – and rightly so. Israel is acknowledged as a global cybersecurity leader, encompassing strategy, defense, research, capacity building, technology, entrepreneurship and human capital.

As a former entertainment figure and reality TV star, Donald Trump has regularly engaged in personal attacks and made controversial claims on Twitter. Since entering the political sphere, as a whole Trump’s attacks have been comparatively more moderated and contained.

The Casimir Pulaski Foundation, in partnership with the European Institute of Peace, held a seminar inaugurating the Peace and Stabilisation Strategies Programme, hosted by the Permanent Representation of the Republic of Poland to the European Union in Brussels on the 18th of May, 2016. The theme was, “Challenges and perspectives for EU response to conflicts in the European neighborhood – time for a new strategy.”

Proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and missile technologies is a growing threat to NATO member states, their territories and citizens. Although the number of nuclear warheads around the world decreases, states’ nuclear capabilities continue to expand with development of ever-more precise delivery systems. Approximately 30 states around the World, including Iran and North Korea, possess or strive to acquire advanced missile technologies.

Macron’s drive for more European resolve and his creation of ambiguity in Europe’s willingness to militarily respond to Russia’s aggression come at a critical moment in the war.

Although Russia’s leader was not present at the Visegrad Four talks, support for his agenda was voiced by two of the four leaders present.

Space treaties are the primary sources of international space law but they exhibit a clear gap in addressing the military activities states currently carry out in the space domain.

China-Hungary Pact Expands Beijing’s EU Security Access Last week, China offered its public security support to Hungary during a rare meeting between Public Security Minister Wang Xiaohong and Prime Minister

Although the fall of Avdiivka should not be perceived as a turning point in the war, the future looks grim for the Ukrainian Armed Forces if the West fails to deliver the aid it had pledged.

As January 2024 was full of pessimism, February started with a glimpse of hope on the EU front.

The governments of France, Germany and Poland should initiate and endow the International Weimar Fund, which would financially facilitate projects in trilateral and larger formats. It should foster a more common approach to the EU's major challenges.

Whatever the margin is, there is never enough time to be fully prepared for a nightmare scenario.

One has to admit that blackmailing is not a new phenomenon in the EU negotiations. However, now it happens over one of the most critical decisions the EU is making, and it takes place from a member who is a close friend of Putin’s Russia, a country hostile to the EU.

While further negotiation talks on the aid to Ukraine will be continued next year, with a number of politicians assuring that the aid will reach Ukraine, such delays might prove difficult for the war-torn country.

During the last summit of the Organization of Turkic States held in Ankara on 16th of March 2023, president of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev addressed Armenia with a demand that the so-called “Western Azerbaijanis” must be guaranteed a safe return as a condition for the safety and rights of Karabakh Armenian population, on a basis of alleged reciprocity.

I was very excited about the invitation from the Polish Embassy in Tbilisi to attend a special conference in Georgia to mark the tragic anniversary of the new, full-size invasion of Ukraine by Russia. The gathering on 24 February, hosted by the respected Rondeli Foundation (the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies) and supported by the Ukrainian Embassy, turned out to be well-attended event, bringing together diplomats, experts and media. Even Georgian President, Salome Zourabichvili, made a brief appearance. Debates reflected strong unity of views on the international consequences of the war and confrontation started by the Putin regime.

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has uncovered serious shortcomings when it comes to a broader understanding of security among most Central European countries and their governments.

Since the beginning of the Russian invasion on February 24, 2022, Ukraine’s resistance has produced several stunning reversals in the fortunes of war, drastically limiting the territorial and political gains of its adversary.